- 1836-82
- developmental -> modern
-
positive liberty: help those who cannot help themselves to be free
- freedom is not the absence of restraint
- allowing the freedom to pursue individual fulfilment
-
an ‘enabling’ state
- Old Age Pensions Act 1908
- National Insurance 1911
- Children’s Charter 1908
-
rejected classical view that society was composed of egotistical individuals only driven by self-interest
- human beings are also motivated by a desire to promote the common group
- Green influences the ‘new liberals’ (Asquith, Lloyd George, Campbell-Bannerman)
-
socialist welfare: raise everybody
- liberal welfare: a social safety net
Beveridge report
-
Five giants on the road to reconstruction
- Want (poverty)
- Disease (health)
- Ignorance (education)
- Squalor (housing)
- Idleness (unemployment)